Power Inverter Circuit using 7473 IC

Introduction

A Power Inverter Circuit using 7473 IC is an essential component in many electronic devices that require AC power. The 7473 IC is commonly used in power inverter circuits due to its versatility and performance. In this article, we will explore the Power Inverter Circuit using 7473 IC as well as the specifications and features of the 7473 IC, along with other crucial components such as the 555 Timer IC, 7805 voltage regulator, and 2N3055 transistors.

A practical circuit is shown in the following circuit diagram Fig(a). The circuit uses two transformers. Transformer X1 and rectifier diodes D3 and D4 provide d.c. power to the two relays and transformer X2 is for up/down stepping of voltage. When the mains supply is available, the relays are energized and indicator lamp N1 is lighted. In the circuit diagram the relays are shown in their un-energized state.

Circuit Diagram of Power Inverter Circuit using 7473 IC

This project can be designed using a few basic components. The circuit diagram of this project is shown below.

Fig(a): **Power Inverter Circuit Diagram using 7473 IC**

The block diagram in Fig(b) shows a method of generating symmetrical square waves to drive the switching circuits. An RC oscillator generates pulses at some multiple of the final frequency required. The pulses generated by the oscillator are divided by a suitable factor to get 50 Hz. In most cases, an RC oscillator is sufficient. If accuracy of frequency is important, The oscillator can be a crystal controlled oscillator.

Block Diagram of Power Inverter Circuit using 2N3055 — Fig(b): **Block Diagram of Driven Inverter**

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Components List of Power Inverter Circuit using 7473 IC

Following is the list of all components used in this project:

7473 IC = 1
555 Timer IC = 1
7805 Regulator IC = 1
2N3055 Transistors = 6 or 8
BC547 Transistors = 2
SK100 Transistors = 2
1N4002 Diodes = 3
1N5402 Diodes = 2
15A Diode = 2
820 Ohms Resister = 2
150 Ohms Resister = 2
10k Resisters = 2
3.3k Resisters = 2
220 Ohms Resisters = 2
15k Resister = 1
10k Variable Resister = 1
0.22uf Capacitor = 1
0.1uf Capacitor = 2
0.01uf Capacitor = 1
220uf Capacitor = 1
Relay & Transformer as per diagram

Working Explanation of Power Inverter Circuit using 7473 IC

One terminal of the output socket is common with the mains supply line and is connected to it directly. The other line is connected to the other terminal of the output socket via a set of contacts A2 of relay 1 when that relay is energized. The other set of contacts of this relay connects this line to the 240 V tap on the transformer X2. Thus, mains power is supplied to the primary of the transformer X2 and the stepped down voltage in the secondary is rectified by diodes D1 and D2 to provide charging current to the battery via fuse F.

When mains supply is available, relay 2 is also energized. The two contacts of this relay disconnect both ends of the battery from the oscillator board. The output transistors are therefore inactive because they do not get their driving signal.

On failure of the mains supply, both relays are de-energized. One contact of relay 1 connects the 285 V tap on X2 to the output terminal, while the other contact connects this terminal to indicator lamp N2. Relay 2, when de-energized, connects battery power to the oscillator board and starts the oscillator. A diode on the board ensures protection against reverse connections of the battery. The oscillator board accommodates a 555 timer, a 7473 flip-flop, driver transistors and a 7805 voltage regulator that supplies +5 V regulated voltage for the 555 Timer and the 7473 TTL flip-flop.

The 555 generates pulses at 200 Hz. The frequency can be set to the correct value by a 10 k potentiometer. The output pulses of 555 are divided by four by the two flip-flops in the 7473 IC to give symmetrical square waves at 50 Hz. The two out-of-phase outputs of the flip-flop are applied as input to two sets of driver transistors. The chopped d.c. voltage in the 12 V winding of the power transformer X2 is stepped up and the high voltage a.c. is made available at the output socket. Indicator N1 goes off and N2 lights up to indicate that the inverter is working.

Overview of Major Components

Specifications of 7473 IC:

The 7473 IC, also known as the 7473 Dual J-K Flip-Flop, is a versatile integrated circuit commonly used in power inverter circuits. It is designed for general-purpose digital logic applications and provides two independent J-K flip-flops in a single IC package. The 7473 IC has the following key specifications:

Supply Voltage: The recommended supply voltage for the 7473 IC is typically between 4.75V to 5.25V, making it compatible with standard power supply systems.
Logic Levels: It operates with standard TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) logic levels, making it compatible with a wide range of other digital components.
Current Consumption: The 7473 IC has a low current consumption that ensures efficient operation and helps reduce power consumption in the circuit design.
Flip-Flop Configuration: It consists of two independent J-K flip-flops, each with separate clock inputs (CLK), J and K inputs, and output pins (Q and Q̅).
High-Speed Operation: The 7473 IC is known for its high-speed clock transitions, enabling rapid operation and smooth functionality within power inverter circuits.

Specifications of 555 Timer IC:

The 555 Timer IC is an integral part of power inverter circuit designs, employed to generate stable and accurate timing signals. Some important specifications of the 555 Timer IC are as follows:

Voltage Supply Range: The 555 Timer IC can typically operate within a voltage supply range of 4.5V to 16V, accommodating various power supply configurations.
Timing Range: It offers a broad timing range due to its flexible internal circuitry, allowing precise control over frequency and pulse width.
Output Drive Capability: The 555 Timer IC has a high output drive capability, which ensures it can drive a significant load current, making it suitable for driving power transistors or relays.
Triggering Modes: It supports three triggering modes – mono-stable (one-shot), astable (free-running), and bi-stable (flip-flop), providing flexibility in different circuit applications.
Low Power Consumption: The 555 Timer IC is designed to draw minimal power from the supply, ensuring energy efficiency within the power inverter circuit.

Specifications of 7805 Voltage Regulator:

The 7805 is a popular linear voltage regulator integrated circuit that plays a crucial role in regulating and stabilizing the input voltage for the power inverter circuit. Some prominent specifications of the 7805 voltage regulator include:

Output Voltage: The 7805 IC provides a regulated output voltage of +5 volts, making it compatible with various digital and analog electronic components.
Input Voltage: It can typically accept input voltage ranging from 7V to 35V, allowing flexibility in choosing the power supply for the power inverter circuit.
Current Capacity: The 7805 IC can provide a maximum output current of approximately 1 ampere, enabling it to power a variety of circuit components and transistors.
Thermal Protection: It incorporates built-in thermal overload protection, safeguarding the IC from excessive temperature conditions and ensuring stability in the power inverter circuit.
Simple Circuit Design: The 7805 voltage regulator requires minimal external components for its operation, making it convenient to integrate into power inverter circuits.

Specifications of 2N3055 Transistors:

The 2N3055 is a popular NPN power transistor that serves as a key component in power inverter circuits due to its high power-handling capability. Here are some essential specifications of the 2N3055 transistors:

Maximum Collector Current: The 2N3055 transistor can handle a maximum collector current of 15 amperes, making it suitable for high-power applications.
Collector-Emitter Voltage: It can withstand a maximum collector-emitter voltage of approximately 70 volts, ensuring compatibility with various power supply configurations.
Power Dissipation: The 2N3055 transistor has a power dissipation capability of around 115 watts, allowing it to handle significant power levels without getting damaged.
Package Style: It is commonly available in a TO-3 package, which provides excellent thermal properties, allowing effective heat dissipation from the transistor.
Amplification Factor: The 2N3055 transistor has a typical amplification factor (hFE) of 20 to 70, ensuring efficient signal amplification within power inverter circuits.

Conclusion of Power Inverter Circuit using 7473 IC

In conclusion, the power inverter circuit diagram utilizing the 7473 IC, 555 Timer IC, 7805, and 2N3055 transistors proves to be an efficient and reliable solution for converting DC power to AC power. This circuit design incorporates high-quality components, emphasizing the use of high-value CPC (constant power control) to ensure optimal performance.

The 7473 IC, known for its high power capability and robustness, serves as a vital component in this circuit. Its ability to handle high current and voltage ratings ensures the reliability and efficiency of the power inverter. Additionally, the 555 Timer IC, renowned for its versatile functionality and stability, further enhances the circuit’s accuracy and precision.

The inclusion of the 7805 – a widely recognized voltage regulator – ensures the steady and regulated output voltage, preventing any potential fluctuations. This characteristic is crucial in guaranteeing the safety and proper functioning of connected devices. Furthermore, the 2N3055 transistors, famous for their high power-switching capabilities, enable the circuit to handle significant loads effectively.

By incorporating high-value CPC, this power inverter circuit diagram aims to deliver a seamless conversion of DC to AC power while minimizing any efficiency losses. The use of premium components and components with attests to the dedication in ensuring the highest quality output.

Overall, the power inverter circuit diagram utilizing the 7473 IC, 555 Timer IC, 7805, and 2N3055 transistors offers a reliable, efficient, and safe solution for converting DC power to AC power.

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