How to Make DC Short Circuit Protector Homemade

Introduction

In the world of electronics, short circuit protection is crucial to ensure the longevity and safe operation of various devices. One effective way to achieve this is by making a DC short circuit protector at home. In this article, we will explore how to create a over current and DC short circuit protector using an LM358 IC and BC547 transistor. We will also discuss the features and functions of these components and provide a detailed guide on how to connect them according to the provided circuit diagram.

This is a dc over current / short circuit protection device which can protect our dc devices from being damaged due to over current or short circuit. Its an easy and simple electronics project for beginners and students for better understanding about electronics. The DIY circuit is designed with minimum and cost-effective components and can be found in any nearest electronics store.

Introduction to Major Parts:

LM358 IC

LM358 is a widely used operational amplifier (Op-Amp) that offers a high gain bandwidth, low supply current, and low input offset voltage. This dual Op-Amp is compatible with a wide range of supply voltages, making it suitable for various electronic applications. The LM358 IC features two internally compensated Op-Amps, providing excellent dynamic response even for larger capacitive loads. It also offers a wide input common-mode voltage range and low input bias and offset currents.

For the purpose of making a DC short circuit protector, the LM358 IC acts as a comparator. It compares the voltage levels at its input and output terminals and produces a digital output based on the prescribed threshold values. In our circuit, the LM358 IC compares the input voltage corresponding to a short-circuit condition with a reference voltage. If the input voltage exceeds the threshold, the output of the LM358 will drop to logic low, triggering the BC547 transistor to cut off the current flow.

BC547 Transistor

The BC547 is a versatile NPN transistor that can handle moderate power levels. It has a maximum collector-emitter voltage of 45V and can carry a continuous collector current of 100mA. The BC547 transistor is widely used in amplifier circuits, switching applications, and general-purpose electronic devices.

In our DC short circuit protector circuit, the BC547 transistor acts as a switch. When the LM358 IC triggers the transistor to cut off the current flow, it prevents excessive current from causing damage to the circuit or connected devices. This protective measure ensures the safety and longevity of the overall system.

**How to Make DC Short Circuit Protector**

Circuit Diagram of DC Short Circuit Protector

This project can be designed using a few basic components. The circuit diagram of this project is shown below.

How to Make DC Short Circuit Protector Circuit Diagram — **DC Short Circuit Protector Circuit Diagram**

How to Make DC Short Circuit Protector Schematic — **DC Short Circuit Protector Schematic**

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Components List of DC Short Circuit Protector

Following is the list of all components used in this project:

1X LM358 IC
1X BC547 TRANSISTOR
3X 1N4148 DIODES
1X LED
1X 10uF CAPACITOR
1X 5OK POTENTIOMETER
1X 0.1 OHM RESISTOR
1X 470 OHM RESISTOR
4X 1K RESISTORS
5X 10K RESISTORS
1X 22K RESISTOR
1X 12V RELAY
1X PUSH BUTTON
1X 3 PIN TERMINAL BLOCK
1X PERF BOARD
JUMPER WIRES

Circuit Diagram:
Gerber Files:

Explanation of DC Short Circuit Protector

To make our DC short circuit protector using the LM358 IC and BC547 transistor, follow these steps:

Gather the necessary components, including the LM358 IC, BC547 transistor, resistors, capacitors, and a breadboard or PCB as per the complete list provided above in the Components List section.

Connect all the components together according to the circuit diagram provided above. We have provided a circuit layout for easy understanding and a schematic as well.

After connecting all the above listed components, connect the load (device or circuit to be protected) to the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram above.

Conclusion of DC Short Circuit Protector

A DC short circuit protector is an essential component in any electrical system, providing protection against potentially hazardous situations. By using readily available components such as the LM358 IC and BC547 transistor, it is possible to create a homemade dc short circuit protector effectively. The LM358 IC acts as a comparator, while the BC547 transistor acts as a switch, cutting off the current flow upon detecting a short circuit. By following the circuit diagram and connection guide provided in this article, you can create a reliable and cost-effective solution to protect your electronic devices and circuits from short circuits. Remember to exercise caution when handling electrical components and always test the circuit before integrating it into your system.

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For more project and circuit diagrams, you can go through the Schematics in the main menu where you can find many interesting projects and circuit diagrams like audio amplifier circuits, voltage booster circuit, battery charger circuit and timer circuits etc., which are all beginner circuit projects. Feel free to check them out!

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